You can leave out any parts that you don't have, like a DOI, the volume, issue, or page numbers.
Jump to more specific examples by using the table below:
| Online or Print, With DOI | Online or Print, No DOI |
| Two-Twenty Authors | Magazine |
| Report | Newspaper |
| No Author, Volume, or Issue # |
On all article citations, whether you read online or print, include the Digital Object Identifier (DOI) if available. The DOI is like a digital thumbprint: its unique and permanent numbers and letters help identify it. It is typically on the first or last page of the article. It may also be listed in the CrossRef Database. If you are having trouble finding the DOI, Ask Librarian library@ecae.ac.ae .
Note that as of March 2017, CrossRef and APA both recommend that DOIs be formatted as such: https://doi.org/10.xxxx/xxxxx with no period at the end.
List each author in the order they appear in the article. Use an ampersand (&) rather than "and" between the last two.
If you have more than 20 authors, list the first 19 authors, then ..., then the last author (so there is a total of 20 names in the citation).
After the report title, include any report number if available and the Source, which can be thought of like the Publisher of a book.
In governmental reports, you can have multiple "levels," or offices/departments, in the Source element, separated by a comma.
The Author is the office that was most directly responsible for creating the content, and any parent offices are the Source. If you aren't sure which office created the content, look on Google or on their general webpage to figure out the structure -- which office is "under" another office?
Italicize the journal title and volume number, but not the issue number in parentheses.
Include the stable URL. Page numbers, volume, and issue may be omitted if not available.
Italicize the magazine title and volume number, but not the issue number in parentheses. If a magazine has a month and/or date, you may include that.
Include the stable URL. Page numbers, volume, and issue may be omitted if not available.
If an article appears on discontinuous pages, list each of the page numbers where it appears. For multiple pages, use "pp." Most newspapers have a month and/or date, so include that.
Remember that APA encourages researchers to use the name of a corporate author, a governmental organization, an office, a department, etc. as the author (see an example like this).
However, if no author can be found, as is sometimes the case with newspaper and magazine articles, begin the citation with the title of the article.
References
Schemm, N.Research, citation, & class guides: APA style (7th ed.): Article or report. https://libguides.uww.edu/apa/articles